
                                            . .     

      - ⥬ প ࠧࠡ稪-ᨮ
     ------------------------------------------------------

                                

    ⥫쭮 ᠬ ࠧ ᨩ, ணࠬ, -
㬥,  뢠   ᥡ.     ᭮ ᭨室-
⥫쭮 ᯮ  祭  ,   ,  
  ࠡ⠫  ⥣஢ ⥬ ணࠬ஢  (),
, ,    ⠪ ⥫ ,   
। ⫠  䮭  ⥪⮢ ।, ।⢮ MAKE,
ப⪠ ஢ ணࠬ 筮  "  ", ᬮ
ࠫ쭮 ⫠ ந ६   ࠦ -
室 몠   㣮.

   , ,  訥 ᭮ ।,   
  ணࠬ  ⮫   ᭨室⥫쭮  ᯮ
 .    , 㯭  , 㤮⢠  -
 ⮬⨧樨 㤠.   , 祬, 㦥 -
ᮢ뢠.

   1. 㦥⢥ প ᯥ樠஢ ⥩ ਬ-
: ॠ   몥 ⥩ ⥬ ⮬-
᪮ 樨  㫥,  ᮤঠ । 몠   맮
室 ணࠬ 㦥.

   2. ࠪ⨢ ᮤ⢨  孮 쭮 ணࠬ-
 "ᢥ ".

   3. 魠 ⥬,  ந   ८-
 ணࠬ ⥪⮢ -  ⭮, ஢ ਪ
㫨  ᭮ ࠭ ᠭ 蠡.

   4. ⥫㠫   ४ 訡  ..

   ᮡ  ᮬ ।⠢  ⮬⨧ ணࠬ-
஢ ᪨   , 易  ࠡ⪮ -
 ꥬ ଠ樨.  ⮬  뢠 ⠪,  -
  襩 ணࠬ  㤥    ᯥ樠   ࠬ.
⮬ , -, ᯮ짮 -  , 
-, ⥫쭮 த㬠 業਩     짮⥫,
ᮧ  ᨬ 㤮⢠  ᭮  ࠡ.

      ᥣ譨    ᥬ⢠   dBASE
 ⭥  . 設⢮    ࠩ  ਬ⨢
।⢠ ⫠, ⢮  ⢥ ࠭祭,
 ᪮ ࠡ.  dBASE ஬  䠪᪨ ਣ
⮫쪮  樨 (  ⮬,   । ᠭ
६).

    1986  ଠ Clarion Software Corporation  ࠧࠡ⠫
१砩        
ਮ (Clarion).  ⥬ ࠧࠡ⪨  ணࠬ, ਥ஢-
  ࠧࠡ稪-ᨮ.  1988 .    -
 ⥬. ਮ ⫨砥 㭨ᠫ쭮 墠 
ਬ,  ᮪ ⥯  ⮬⨧樨    権,
⮩  㤮⢮ ᯮ짮,  䥪⨢    ।
ᮧ, ⠪  ⮢ ணࠬ.   ⢠ ਭ᫨ -
 㦥 ୮ -  १⠬  짮⥫,
ਮ ⠡쭮      ।   㬥⠫
⥬ ணࠬ஢ ଠ樮 .     
 㦥 ⥬ ( ணࠬ 䨪,  ⥬᪨
㭪権  .).

   ⥬ ਮ ⮨  ᪮쪨 ⮢.

   1.  ண 㯠 (५樮 ⨯).

   2.  ணࠬ஢ (  ਮ),  ᮤঠ騩,  
ࠤ樮 権 ࠢ  ⥬⨪,  ।⢠
㯠    (   䠩 ), ।⢠ ࠭-
   ( ⮬ ᫥ ),  뢮  ⮢   
㣮.

   3. ⥬ ணࠬ஢: ,   ⫠-
稪,  ᯥ樠஢ ⥪⮢ ।, ⨫ -
 ᫮   ४ 뫮.

   4. ஥஢騪 (Designer).        -
    ਪ ,   ⠪ ⮬-
᪨ ᣥ஢   㫥,   㫨 ࠭-
   ࠡ    (४஢ , 뢮
⮢).

   5.  ⨫: ஢, ᬮ  䨪  ,
८ࠧ   , ஢     
ଠ⮢ dBASE, BASIC  DIF  ଠ ਮ  ⭮, 
,  ࠭ ᪠ (Helper), ன ਮ.

   6.  ⥬.

    ⥬ 稭  楯 ன⢠   ࠢ-
.

   ᬮਬ  ਭ樯 ࠡ  ਮ,   ᮡ
   .


                                 

    㬥樨  ਮ   ᯮ  ନ  "
" ( 뢠  "䠩 ਮ"),     
 ਮ ᮤন  ।⢠ dBASE, ஬ 権 ⨯ JOIN
(  ணࠬ஢).   ⥬     ⢥
⫨  dBASE.

   1.     ᮤঠ:

      - 楫   (byte, short, long);
      -   饩 窮 (real);
      -   (decimal);
      - ᨢ ﭭ  (dim),  4 ७;
      -   ᪮쪨  (group).

    dBASE  ࠭ ⮫쪮 ⥪⮢  (᫮ ।⠢-
 ⮦  ।஢ ),    ८ࠧ   -
  ६.

   祭 㤮 ࣠ ⪨ (Memo-).  ᪨ -
  ।⠢ ᮡ ᨢ ப (  64), ࠡ-
  ணࠬ  㤭.

     "᪨"  "" .  ᪨ -
    楫,       ᯥ樠
蠡  ⥪⮢ ப.

   2. 짮⥫           ࠢ筨:
祢 (keys)   (indexes). 祢 ᥣ 뢠
६  ⨥ ᮮ⢥饩      -
 ᫥ 䨪樨 ⮩ .    ⮫쪮 
믮 ஬  몠 ਮ BUILD.  ⥬ ।-
⠢ 짮⥫ 롮  ᪮    ଠ樨
(稥 祢 ࠢ筨   )    ࠭⨥
㠫쭮 ᮤন ࠢ筨.

    dBASE ਭ 㣠, ࠭  ᭠  孮:  
, ᫨  . 祢  ᫥⢨:  ᮮ⢥⢨
 ॠ쭮 ᮤন , ᫨ 짮⥫   -
. 祬   ࠡ   ᮬ  뢮 -
ਥ騥 ᮮ饭 த " 砫 䠩"    "
".

   ਮ᪨ ࠢ筨  ॢ .  㣨
᫮, ⥬ ⮬᪨ ந   ࠢ筨 -
⥫ 㪠⥫ (ࠢ筨   ࠢ筨),  ᪮騥
  . ஬ ⮣,  ⫨稥  dBASE-III, ࠢ筨 -
 ᮧ  ᪮쪨 祢 .

   3.  ਮ ⥫쭮  몠 dBASE.

   4.  ਮ ࠭ ⢥ ࠭祭  dBASE. -
ਬ, ᫮    ࠢ筨  ࠭祭.

   5.   ਮ     ஫,   ஢
࠭ .

   6.   , ᢮襥 ᫥  㤠  ᥩ,   
ࠧ ᯮ짮 .  dBASE 室 ਮ᪨
 㯫⭥  (PACK).


                                 

    ணࠬ஢  ਮ,  -,  宦   
 ⠫     ६ ⫨砥   .  ⮪   
    /1, ᨫ쭮 ஦  ,     
᪠.  楫   ࠤ樮   ஢
, 襭  ( ।묨)  :  ⠪,  
짮⥫᪨ ⨯  ࠡ⪠  権.   -
। , ਣ  樨:    ᠭ -
, 楤 ᪮쪨 , 䥩  㣨 몠 (ᠬ
⥬ ਮ ᠭ  ࡮-)  祥.

    ᮡ 몠 ।⠢ ᮡ .

    ਪ  ⮨   ணࠬ (PROGRAM)  
ணࠬ-⭨ (MEMBER). 樠쭠    MAP  
 ணࠬ ( )  뢠  䠩  -
⭨,  ⠪   ⭨ -  楤   㭪樨,
  ᮤঠ騥. ᠭ 楤   㤥   맢.
    ᥣ ,  䠩 -
  ,   ४஢   ,   ⮫쪮
  ,   ᨫ . ஬ ⮣,   -
㦨 訡  맮 楤  㭪権.

   ।ᬮ७ ࠧࠧ訥 ଠ ।஢  ᥫ  
.

    ।⢠   ஢  ⨫ dBASE (祬,
  ஬     ).     ᭮
।⢮   ਮ - ᮡ   ⨯  SCREEN
(ᠭ  ࠭).   ᪫⥫쭮  ᨫ. -
 ࠭ ᮤন   뢮, ᠭ    -
,  ࠪ⨪  梥. ⬥⨬,   ࠭    
६ ᪮쪮    ,  ⨢ -
⥫쭮.

    뢮  ࠭ ஬ OPEN. ⮡ ஢ 
 ᮤন, 筮   뢮 ᮮ⢥饩 
SCREEN ᫠  祭 -  ࠧ  뢮     ࠭
.  CLOSE 뢠  ࠭.

      ᠭ   (WINDOW), ⮣   ࠥ
।饥 ᮤঠ ࠭,  뢠  .  ᫥ -
  ⠭ ।饥 . 㡨  ⥪  
  筮 .

     ࠭  SCREEN   ஢   ࠬ
  ஢,  ਤ ᥩ ⥬ 砩  
 .   ணࠬ஢ ⮢  뫮    筮
㤮 ࠡ⮩, ᫨     ⥫⢮:   ᯮᮡ
ਮ ஢ ᠭ   ⮬᪨. 
࠭ ᮤঠ    ਮ: , ஥-
஢騪, ᪠稪 (Helper).

   ਬ,  樨  ࠭    
㦭  ணࠬ   Ctrl-F.  ⮩ ࠭, 
஬ ᫥ ᮢ  , 뢮   .  ᫥ -
୮  Ctrl-F ᠭ ᮢ ࠭  ࠨ
אַ  ⥪ ணࠬ.  䨪樨 㦥  ᠭ  
SCREEN      ⥪ ணࠬ   Ctrl-F.
  ࠭,       ࠢ -
 ந: ᬥ ,  ⥪     ,
४ ⮪  . ⥬  Ctrl-F,  ஥ ᠭ
   .

   筮 뢠   .

     㯯 몮 । 㦭  ᠭ 䠩  
 ਮ (  DOS  FILE), ᫥⥫쭮  -
 㯠   ,  ⠪ 権   䠩  (ᮧ,
஢, 㤠  ..).  䠩 ਮ, ..   -
,    ᥩ  . ⠪᪨ -
 㯠 ।⠢ ᮡ 맮  楤,       祭
㤮, 祢 ࠭  ⨫ /1 뫨  ।⥫쭥.

    ⨢   ⠭     ࣠-
   㭠ࠢ ᯨ᪠,  祣  몥 ।ᬮ-
७ ⨯  TABLE - ᨢ । , ࠡ뢠
 䠩.

   ,  ᪮쪮 ⪮  ⠭  㭪権   
⢨  ᫠  ⥪⠬, ᭥ ﭨ ࠭, 䠩,
ਭ  ..


                                 

   ᫥ ᪠ ⥬  ࠭ 뢮       
: , ,  (), ४-
 ( )  . 筠 ᫥⥫쭮  ࠡ: ।-
஢ -  - /⫠ -  ᭮ ।-
  ..

    ⥬ ࠡ    ०,  ࠢ   
ந室   ࠧࠧ  -  쭮 .
祬,  Ctrl-Enter      ⮭ -
ୠ⨢ :  ⨥ 砥,   ⠢  
ਭ ⠭ 祭.

   室     㣮 祭  (- -
).  砥 訡 樨 ࠢ । ,
 㪠뢠 ப  訡.

   ⥫ 㦥  㤨 ᮮ饭  ⮬,     ᮤন
 ࠪ᪨  㤮⢠:   ⥪⮢ , -
, 宪 ४஢, 稢 , 믮 -
 , ⮮,  ப.

   ᫥ ࠭ 訡 ணࠬ   ᮧ  㧮
 (ᯮᮡ ࠡ ⮭,  ⢨  ਮ)  
ࠧ  .  ᪠,   㧮  㫨
ணࠬ  쭮 訬 ( ⥬,  ᥣ -
砥  ணࠬ, ⠢  150),  ࠡ   -
॥, 祬 㥬 㫨.    롨,  -
: ᪮   ᪮ 믮.  祭 
ணࠬ   ૥ .

   筮 ⫠ ணࠬ ᪠ १  ,
᪮  ஢  ⫠稪.   室  ⫠   
ᬠਢ 室 ⥪ ணࠬ  祭 ६, -
⠢ 窨 ਮ⠭ (breakpoints), ᢠ  ६
 祭  ..  ப⪠,       蠣 믮-
  ⤥ ,  㯯 ஢   -
室  窨 ਮ⠭.



                                

   ணࠬ  ࠢ ࠧࠡ뢠 ᢮ ணࠬ    몥
ਮ,     ஥஢騪.    ᯮ짮
  訥 २⢠.

   ஥஢騪 稭  ⮣,  ।    -
  . ᫨  㦥 ,   ᠭ  
 䠩, ᫨  -   .     
  ࠢ筨.   㪠     -
⥫ ࠪ⨪:  ⨬ 祭,  ⠭
ଠ 뢮  .  ࠪ⨪  ࠭  ,  -
 ஥஢騪  樨 ணࠬ.

        .  ⮡ࠦ
 ࠭   ॢ 㫥.   ᢠ 
  ⨯:

       Menu   ( ணࠬ ࠡ  ࠭)
       Table  ( ணࠬ ࠡ  )
       Form   ( ணࠬ ࠡ  ﬨ )
       Report ( ணࠬ  )
       Other  (ணࠬ )

    㫥  㪠 ⨯ ஥஢騪   "-
" (⮩ ). 쭠       ᯥ-
樠쭮 䠩     ᫥⢨ ᪮४஢.

   ᫨  ࠫ   ⠭ ⨯,  ஥஢騪 ।-
 ᮢ  ࠭ ( Report - ),  㦥 -
뢠 .  砭 믮  ணࠬ -
.   ᯮ짮     ( ⨯  
 Other) ࠡ뢠 . ,  ⠭  
⢮ ,     ᢮ ணࠬ.

    ⨯ Menu  ᮤঠ (  ᮤঠ) ,  
 뢮 ६ .

   㫨 Table  Form 筮 ᯮ ᮢ⭮.   ᯥ-
稢  ᬮ  ४஢ ,   㤠 -
ᥩ,  ᥩ    䨪 ,  ᫮  ⡮
ᥩ  ,  ⠪   ᫮ 祭  
 (Lookup-).

     ࠭,       易  
 ᪮쪮 ࠭ ᪠.      ᮧ  ।ᬮ७
⨫ Helper. ࠭ ᪠   ࣠     
ॢ   , 㡨 ॢ ந쭠.

   ⨢  ⥬,  㢨,    ᮢ  
ᮧ   ஥஢騪 楫 ࠢ ⥬   -
 䥩ᮬ 짮⥫.


                                 

    譨 뫪    ࠧ     ⠯
樨,   . ⮬ ꥪ  㫨 ਮ-
 ணࠬ  ।⠢ 業 ( ६⨬),  ᮧ
⥪ ꥪ 㫥 .

   ⨫ Converter, ८ࠧ ଠ ,  㬥 -
 MEMO-.

   㧮 㫨  ᫨誮 .

   ⠭ ଠ 뢮  -⠪ ᫥   ࠭
  .

    ਮ  襭 ஢⥩.


                                

   ࠪ⨪ ࠡ 뢠,  ᯮ짮 ਮ 蠥
ந⥫쭮 㤠 ணࠬ   ࠧ, 砥  -
襬 ⨫ ணࠬ஢  쭮 孮.

    ਭ樯, ॠ  ਮ  (  ⮢
࠭  ⮢  ஢ ⥪⮢ ।, প -
쭮 ணࠬ஢  .) ᮬ   ⭮  ﭨ
 쭥襥 ࠧ⨥ ⥣஢ ⥬ ணࠬ஢.
